YOGIS

                                                      THE YOGIS

                  THE YOGI WHOSE VIRTTIS HAVE THUS BECOME POWERLESS (CONTROLLED) OBTAINS IN THE RECEIVER, AND RECEIVED (THE SELF, THE MIND AND EXTERNAL OBJECTS), CONCENTRATEDNESS AND SAMENESS, LIKE THE CRYSTAL.

                 WHAT RESULTS FROM THIS CONSTANT MEDITATION? WE MUST REMEMBER HOW IN A PREVIOUS APHORISM PATANJALI WENT INTO THE VARIOUS STATES OF MEDITATION, AND HOW THE FIRST WILL BE THE GROSS, AND THE SECOND THE FINE OBJECTS, AND FROM THEM THE ADVANCE IS TO STILL FINER OBJECTS OF MEDITATION, AND HOW, IN ALL THESE MEDITATIONS, WHICH ARE ONLY OF THE FIRST DEGREE, NOT VERY HIGH ONES, WE GET AS A RESULT THAT WE CAN MEDITATES AS EASILY ON THE FINE AS ON THE GROSSER OBJECTS. HERE THE YOGI SEES THE THREE THINGS, THE RECEIVER, AND THE RECEIVING, CORRESPONDING TO THE SOUL, THE OBJECT, AND THE MIND. THERE ARE THREE OBJECTS OF MEDITATION GIVEN TO US. FIRST, THE GROSS THINGS, AS BODIES, OR MATERIAL OBJECTS, SECOND, FINE THINGS, AS THE MIND, THE CHITTA, AND THIRD, THE PURUSA QUALIFIED, NOT THE PURUSA ITSELF, BUT THE EGOISM. BY PRACTISE, THE YOGI GETS ESTABLISHED IN ALL THESE MEDITATIONS. WHENEVER THE MEDITATES HE CAN KEEP OUT ALL OTHER THOUGHT, HE BECOMES IDENTIFIED WITH THAT ON WHICH HE MEDIATES, WHEN HE MEDITATES HE IS LIKE A PIECE OF CRYSTAL, BEFORE FLOWERS THE CRYSTAL BECOMES ALMOST IDENTIFIED WITH FLOWERS. IF THE FLOWER IS RED, THE CRYSTAL LOOKS RED, OR IF THE FLOWER IS BLUE, THE CRYSTAL LOOKS BLUE.

                  SOUND MEANING, AND RESULTING KNOWLEDGE, BEING MIXED UP, IS (CALLED SAMADHI) WITH REASONING. 

                   SOUND HERE MEANS VIBRATION, MEANING, THE NERVE CURRENTS WHICH CONDUCT IT, AND KNOWLEDGE, REACTION. ALL THE VARIOUS MEDITATION WE HAVE HAD SO FAR, PATANJALI CALLS SAVITARKA (MEDITATION WITH REASONING). LATER ON HE WILL GIVE US HIGHER AND HIGHER DHYANAS. IN THESED THAT ARE CALLED "WITH REASONING" WE KEEP THE DUALITY OF SUBJECT AND OBJECT, WHICH RESULTS FROM THE MIXTURE OF WORD, MEANING AND KNOWLEDGE. THERE IS FIRST THE EXTERNAL VIBRATION, THE WORD, THIS CARREID INWARD BY THE SENSE CURRENTS, IS THE MEANING. AFTER THAT THERE COMES A REACTIONARY WAVE IN THE CHITT, WHICH IS KNOWLEDGE . IN ALL THE MEDITATIONS UP TO THIS , WE GET THIS MIXTURE AS OBJECT OF MEDITATION. THE NEXT SAMADHI IS HIGHER.

                  THE SAMADHI CALLED WITHOUT REASONING(COMES) WHEN THE MEMORY IS PURIFIED, OR DEVOID OF QUALITIES, EXPRESSING ONLY THE MEANING(OF THE MEDITATED OBJECT).

                  IT IS BY PRACTICE OF MEDITATION OF THESE THREE THAT WE COME TO THE STATE WHERE THESE THREE DO NOT MIX. WE CAN GET RID OF THEM. WE WILL FIRST TRY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT THESE THREE ARE. HERE IS CHITTA, YOU WILL ALWAYS REMEMBER THE SIMILE OF THE LAKE, THE MIND-STUFF, AND THE VIBRATION, THE WORD, THE SOUND, LIKE A PULSATION COMING OVER IT. YOU HAVE THAT CALM LAKE IN YOU, AND I PRONOUNCE A WORD, "COW". AS SOON AS IT ENTERS THROUGH YOUR EARS THERE IS A WAVE PRODUCED IN YOUR CHITTA ALONG WITH IT. SO THAT WAVE REPRESENTS THE IDEA OF THE COW, THE FORM OR THE MEANING AS WE CALL IT. THAT APPARENT COW THAT YOU KNOW IS REALLY THAT WAVE IN THE MIND-STUFF, AND THAT COMES AS A REACTION TO THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOUND-VIBRATIONS, AND WITH THE SOUND, THE WAVE DIES AWAY, THAT WAVE CAN NEVER EXIST WIHOUT A WORD.                 

                      YOU MAY ASK HOW IT IS WHEN WE ONLY THINK OF THE CO, AND DO NOT HEAR A SOUND. YOU MAKE THAT SOUND YOURSELF. YOU ARE SAYING "COW" FAINTLYIN YOUR MIND, AND WITH THAT COMES A WAVE. THERE CANNOT BE ANY WAVE WITHOUT THIS IMPULSE OF SOUND. AND WHEN IT IS NOT FROM OUTSIDE IT IS FROM INSIDE, AND WHEN THE SOUND DIES, THE WAVE DIES. WHAT REMAINS? THE RESULT OF THE REACTION, AND THAT IS KNOWLEDGE. THESE THREE ARE SO CLOSELY COMBINED IN OUR MIND THAT WE CANNOT SEPERATE THEM. WHEN THE SOUND COMES, THE SENSE VIBRATE, AND THE WAVE RISES IN REACTION, THEY FOLLOW SO CLOSELY UPON ONE ANOTHER THAT THERE IS NO DISCERNING ONE FROM THE OTHER, WHEN THIS MEDITATION HAS BEEN PRACTISED FOR A LONG TIME, MEMORY THE RECEPTACLE OF ALL IMPRESSIONS, BECOMES PURIFIED, AND WE ARE ABLE TO DISTINGUISH THEM FORM ONE ANOTHER. THIS IS CALLED "NIRVITARKA" CONCENTRATION WITHOUT REASONING.