THE YOGA (EGO)

 

                        THE PERCEPTION OF EGO

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                      EGOISM IS THE IDENFICATION OF THE SEER WITH THE INSTRUMENT OF SEEING.

                           THE SEER IS REALLY THE SELF, THE PURE ONE, THE EVER HOLY, THE INFINITE, THE IMMORTAL. THAT IS THE SELF OF MAN. AND WHAT ARE THE INSTRUMENTS? THE CHITTA, OR MIND-STUFF, THE BUDDHI, DETERMINATIVE FACULTY, THE MANAS, OR MIND, AND THE INDRIYANI, OR SENSE ORGANS. THESE ARE THE INSTRUMENTS FOR HIM TO SEE THE EXTERNAL WORLD, AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SELF WITH THE INSTRUMENTS IS WHAT IS CALLED THE IGNORANCE OF EGOISM. WE SAY "I AM THE MIND, I AM THOUGHT, I AM  ANGRY, OR I AM HAPPY". HOW CAN WE BE ANGRY, AND HOW CAN WE HATE? WE SHOULD IDENTIFY OURSELVES WITH THE SELF, THAT CANNOT CHANGE. IF IT IS UNCHANGEABLE, HOW CAN IT BE ONE MOMENT HAPPY, AND ONE MOMENT UNHAPPY? IT IS FORMLESS, INFINITE, OMNIPRESENT.

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                      WHAT CAN CHANGE IT? BEYOND ALL LAW. WHAT AN AFFECT IT? NOTHING IN THE UNIVERSE CAN PRODUCE AN EFFECT ON IT, YET, THROUGH IGNORANCE, WE IDENTIFY OURSELVES WITH THE MIND-STUFF, AND THINK WE FEEL PLEASURE OR PAIN.

                       SUKHANUSHAYI RAAGAH

                      ATTACHMENT IS THAT WHICH DWELLS ON PLEASURE.

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                         WE FIND PLEASURE IN CERTAIN THINGS, AND THE MIND. LIKE A CURRENT, FLOWS TOWARDS THEM, AND THAT, FOLLOWING THE PLEASURE CENTRE, AS IT WERE, IS ATTACHMENT. WE ARE NEVER ATTACHED TO ANYONE IN WHOM WE DO NOT FIND PLEASURE. WE FIND PLEASURE IN VERY QUEER THINGS SOMETIMES, BUT THE DEFINITION IS JUST THE SAME, WHEREVER WE FIND PLEASURE, THERE WE ARE ATTACHED.

                       DUHKHANUSHAYI DVESHAH

                AVERSION IS THAT WHICH DWELLS ON PAIN.

                             THAT , WHICH GIVES US PAIN WE IMMEDIATELY SEEK TO GET AWAY FROM.

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                     FOLLOWING THROUGH ITS OWN NATURE, AND ESTABLISHED EVEN IN THE LEARNED, IS THE CLINGING TO LIFE.

                      THIS CLINGING TO LIFE YOU SEE MANIFESTED  IN EVERY ANIMAL, AND UPON IT MANY ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO BUILD THE THEORY OF A FUTURE LIFE, BECAUSE MEN LIKE THEIR LIVES SO MUCH THAT THEY DESIRE A FUTURE LIFE ALSO.

                         WHAT IS THIS CLINGING TO LIFE?

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                  WE HAVE SEEN THAT IT HAS BECOME INSTINCTIVE. IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL LANGUAGE OF YOGA IF HAS BECOME SAMSKARAS. THE SAMSKARAS, FIND AND HIDDEN, ARE SLEEPING IN THE CHITTA. ALL THESE PAST EXPERIENCES OF DEATH, ALL THAT WHICH WE CALL INSTINCT, IS EXPERIENCE BECOME SUB-CONSCIOUS. IT  LIVES IN THE CHTTA, AND IS NOT INACTIVE, BUT IS WORKING UNDERNEATH. THESE CHITTA VRTTIS, THESE MIND-WAVES, WHICH ARE GROSS, WE CAN APPRECIATE AND FEEL, THEY CAN BE MORE EASILY CONTROLLED, BUT WHAT ABOUT THESE FINER INSTINCTS? HOW CAN THEY BE CONTROLLED? WHEN I AM ANGRY MY WHOLE MIND HAS BECOME A HUGE WAVE OF ANGER. FEEL IT, SEE IT, HANDLE IT, CAN EASILY MANIPULATE IT, CAN FIGHT WITH IT, BUT I SHALL NOT SUCCEED PERFECTLY IN THE FIGHT UNTIL I CAN GET DOWN BELOW. A MAN SAYS SOMETHING VERY HARSH TO ME, AND I BEGIN TO FEEL THAT I AM GETTING HEATED, AND HE GOES ON UNTIL I AM PERFECTLY ANGRY, AND FORGET MYSELF, IDENTIFY MYSELF WITH ANGER.

                      WHEN HE FIRST BEGAN TO ABUSE ME I STILL THOUGHT " I AM GOING TO BE ANGRY". ANGER WAS ONE THING AND I WAS ANOTHER, BUT WHEN I BECAME ANGRY, I WAS ANGER. THESE FEELINGS HAVE TO BE CONTROLLED IN THE GERM, THE ROOT, IN THEIR FINE FORMS, BEFORE EVEN WE HAVE BECOME CONSCIOUS THAT THEY ARE ACTING ON US.

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                    WITH THE VAST MAJORITY OF MANKING THE FINE STATES OF THESE PASSIONS ARE NOT EVEN KNOWN, THE STATE WHEN THEY ARE SLOWLY COMING FROM BENEATH CONSCIOUSNESS. WHEN A BUBBLE IS RISING FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE LAKE WE DO NOT SEE IT, OR EVEN WHEN IT IS NEARLY COME TO THE SURFACE, IT IS ONLY WHEN IT BURSTS AND MAKES A RIPPLE THAT WE KNOW IT IS THERE. WE SHALL ONLY BE SUCCESSFUL IN GRAPPLING WITH THE WAVES WHEN WE CAN GET HOLD OF THEM IN THIER FINE CASUES, AND UNTIL YOU CAN GET HOLD OF THEM, AND SUBDUE THEM BEFORE ANY BECOME GROSS, THERE IS NO HOPE OF CONQUERING ANY PASSION PERFECTLY. TO CONTROL OUR PASSIONS WE HAVE TO CONTROL THEM AT THEIR VERY ROOTS, THEN ALONE SHALL WE BE ABLE TO BURN OUT THEIR VERY SEED. AS FRIED SEEDS THROWN INTO THE GROUND WILL NEVER COME UP, SO THESE PASSIONS WILL NEVER ARISE.

YOGA SUTRAS AND ITS USES

 

                           

                                THE YOGA SUTRAS 

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                     ❤ VRITTIRNIDRA ❤

                           SLEEP IS A VRITTI WHICH EMBRACES THE FEELING OF                                       VOIDNESS.

                              THE NEXT CLASS OF VRTTIS IS CALLED SLEEP AND DREAM. WHEN WE AWAKE WE KNOW THAT WE HAVE BEEN SLEEPING. WE CAN ONLY HAVE MEMORY OF PERCEPTION. THAT WHICH WE DO NOT PERCEIVE WE NEVER CAN HAVE ANY MEMORY OF. EVERY REACTION IS A WAVE IN THE LAKE. NOW, IF DURING SLEEP, THE MIND HAS NO WAVES, IT WOULD HAVE NO PERCEPTIONS, POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE, AND, THEREFORE, WE WOULD NOT REMEMBER THEM. THE VERY REASON OF OUR REMEMBERING SLEEP IS THAT DURING SLEEP THERE WAS A CERTAIN CLASS OF WAVES IN THE MIND. MEMORY IS ANOTHE CLASS OF VRTTIS, WHICH IS CALLED SMRTI.

                         ❤    SMRITIH  ❤

                          MEMORY IS WHEN THE (VRTTIS OF) PERCEIVED SUBJECTS DO NOT SLIP AWAY (AND THROUGH IMPRESSIONS COME BACK TO CONSCIOUSNESS).

 

                             MEMORY CAN BE CAUSED BY THE PREVIOUS THREE. FOR INSTANCE, YOU HEAR A WORD. THAT WORD IS LIKE A STONE THROWN INTO THE LAKE OF THE CHITTA, IT CAUSES A RIPPLE, AND THAT RIPPLE ROUSES A SERIES OF RIPPLES, THIS IS MEMORY. SO IN SLEEP. WHEN THE PARTICULAR KIND OF RIPPLE CALLED SLEEP THROWS THE CHITTA INTO RIPPLE OF MEMORY IT IS CALLED A DREAM. DREAM IS ANOTHER FORM OF THE RIPPLE WHICH IN THE WAKING STATE IS CALLED MEMORY.

                      ❤   TANNIRODHAH ❤

                              THEIR CONTROL IS BY PRACTICE AND NON-ATTACHMENT.

                           THE MIND, TO HAVE THIS NON-ATTACHMENT, MUST BE CLEAR, GOOD AND RATIONAL. WHY SHOULD WE PRACTICE? BECAUSE EACH ACTION IS LIKE THE PULSATIONS QUIVERING OVER THE SURFACE OF THE LAKE. THE VIBRATION DIES OUT, AND WHAT IS LEFT? THE SAMSHARAS, THE IMPRESSIONS. WHEN A LARGE NUMBER OF THESE IMPRESSIONS IS LEFT ON THE MIND THEY COALESCE, AND BECOME A HABIT. IT IS SAID "HABIT IS SECOND NATURE", IT IS FIRST NATURE ALSO, AND THE WHOLE NATURE OF MAN, EVERYTHING THAT WE ARE, IS THE RESULT OF HABIT. THAT GIVES US CONSOLATION, BECAUSE, IF IT IS ONLY HABIT, WE CAN MAKE AND UNMAKE IT AND ANY TIME. 

                        THE SAMSHARA IS LEFT BY THESE VIBRATIONS PASSION OUT OF OUR MIND, EACH ONE OF THEM LEAVING ITS RESULT. OUR CHARACTER IS THE SUM-TOTAL OF THESE MARKS, AND ACCORDING AS SOME PARTICULAR WAVE PREVAILS ONE TAKES THAT TONE. IF GOOD PREVAIL ONE BECOMES GOOD, IF WICKEDNESS ONE WICKED, IF JOYFULNESS ONE BECOMES HAPPY. THE ONLY REMEDY FOR BAD HABITS IS COUNTER HABITS, ALL THE BAD HABITS THAT HAVE LEFT THEIR IMPRESSIONS ARE TO BE CONTROLLED BY GOOD HABITS. GO ON DOING GOOD, THINKING HOLY THOUGHTS CONTINUOUSLY, THAT IS THE ONLY WAY TO SUPPRESS BASE IMPRESSIONS. 

                          NEVER SAY ANY MAN IS HOPELESS, BECAUSE HE ONLY REPRESENTS A CHARACTER, A BUNDLES OF HABITS, AND THESE CAN BE CHECKED BY NEW AND BETTER ONES. CHARACTER IS REPEATED HABITS, AND REPEATED HABITS ALONE CAN REFORM CHARACTER.

                           ❤ YATNO ABHYASAH ❤

                         CONTINUOUS STRUGGLE TO KEEP THEM (THE VRTTIS) PERFECTLY RESTRAINED IS PRACTICE.

                     WHAT IS THIS PRACTICE? THE ATTEMPT TO RESTRAIN THE MIND IN THE CHITTA FORM, TO PREVENT ITS GOING OUT INTO WAVES.

                      ❤ DRIDHA-BHOOMIH ❤

                      ITS GROUND BECOMES FIRM BY LONG, CONSTANT EFFORTS WITH GREAT LOVE (FOR THE END TO BE ATTAINED)

                      RESTRAINT DOES NOT COME IN ONE DAY, BUT BY LONG CONTINUED PRACTICE.

THE SUPERCONSCIOUS MIND (PERCEPTION)

                    THE SUPERCONSCIOUSNESS (YOGA)

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                         PRATYAKSHANUMANAGAMAH PRAMANANI

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             DIRECT PERCETION, INFERENCE, AND COMPETENT EVIDENCE, ARE PROOFS.

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                                       WHEN TWO OF OUR PERCEPTIONS DO NOT CONTRADICT EACH OTHER WE CALL IT PROOF. I HEAR SOMETHING, AND, IF IT CONTRADICTS SOMETHING ALREADY PERCEIVED, I BEGIN TO FIGHT IT OUT, AND DO NOT BELIEVE IT. THERE ARE ALSO THREE KINDS OF PROOF. DIRECT PERCEPTION, PRATYAKSHAM, WHATEVER WE SEE AND FEEL, IS PROOF, IF THERE HAS BEEN NOTHING TO DELUDE THE SENSES. I  SEE THE WORLD, THAT IS SUFFICIENT PROOF THAT IT EXISTS. SECONDLY, ANUMANA, IFERENCE, YOU SEE SING, AND FROM THE SIGN YOU COME TO THE THING SIGNIFIED. THIRDLY, APTAVAKYAM, THE DIRECT PERCEPTION OF THE YOGI, OF THOSE WHO HAVE SEEN THE TRUTH. WE ARE ALL OF US STRUGGLING TOWARDS KNOWLEDGE, BUT YOU AND I HAVE TO STRUGGLE HARD, AND COME TO KNOWLEDGE THROUGH A LONG TEDIOUS PROCESS OF REASONING, BUT THE YOGI, THE PURE ONE, HAS GONE BEYOND ALL THIS.

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                        BEFORE HIS MIND, THE PAST, THE PRESENT, AND THE FUTURE, ARE ALIKE ONE BOOK FOR HIM TO READ, HE DOES NOT REQUIRE TO GO THROUGH ALL THIS TEDIOUS PROCESS, AND HIS WORDS ARE PROOFS, BECAUSE HE SEES KNOWLEDGE IN HIMSELF, HE IS THE OMNISCIENT ONE. THESE, FOR INSTANCE, ARE THE AUTHORS OF THE SACRED SCRIPTURES, THEREFORE THE SCRIPTURES ARE PROOF, AND , IF ANY SUCH PERSONS ARE LIVING NOW, THEIR WORDS WILL BE PROOF. OTHERS PHILOSOPHERS GO INTO LONG DISCUSSIONS ABOUT THIS APTA, AND THEY SAY, WHAT IS THE PROOF THAT THIS IS TRUTH? THE PROOF IS BECAUSE THEY SEE IT, BECAUSE WHATEVER I SEE IS PROOF, AND WHATEVER YOU SEE IS PROOF, IF IT DOES NOT CONTRADICT ANY PAST KNOWLEDGE.

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                                     IF A MAN SAYS "I HAVE SEEN A VISION", AND TELLS ME THAT I HAVE NO RIGHT TO SEE IT, I BELIEVE HIM NOT. EVERYONE MUST HAVE THE POWER TO SEE IT FOR HIMSELF. NO ONE WHO SEELS HIS  KNOWLEDGE IS AN APTA. ALL THESE CONDITIONS MUST BE FULLFILLED. YOU MUST FIRST SEE THAT THE MAN IS PURE, AND THAT HE HAS NO SELFISH MOTIVE, THAT HE HAS NO THIRST FOR GAIN OR FAME. SECONDLY, HE MUST SHOW THAT HE IS SUPER-CONSCIOUS. THIRDLY, HE MUST HAVE GIVEN US SOMETHING THAT WE CANNOT GET FROM OUR SENSES, AND WHICH IS FOR BENEFIT OF THE WORLD. AND WE MUST SEE THAT IT DOES NOT CONTRADICT OTHER TRUTHS, IF IT CONTRADICTS OTHER SCIENTIFIC TRUTHS REJECT IT AT ONCE. FOURTHLY, THE MAN SHOULD NEVER BE SINGULAR, HE SHOULD ONLY REPRESENT WHAT ALL MEN CAN ATTAIN. 

                             THE THREE SORTS OF PROOF, ARE, THEN, DIRECT SENSE PERCEPTION , INFERENCE, AND THE WORDS OF AN APTA. I CANNOT TRANSLATE THIS WORD INTO ENGLISH. IT IS NOT THE WORD INSPIRED, BECAUSE THAT COMES FROM OUTSIDE, WHILE THIS COME FROM HIMSELF. THE LITERAL MEANING IS "ATTAINED".

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                        INDISCRIMINATION IS FALSE KNOWLEDGE NOT ESTABLISHED IN REAL NATURE.

                           THE NEXT CLASS OF VRITTIS THAT ARISE IS MISTAKING THE ONE THING FOR ANOTHER, AS A PIEACE OF MOTHER-OF-PEARL IS TAKEN FOR  PIEACEFOR SILVER.

                          VERBAL DELUSION FOLLOWS FROM WORDS HAVING NO (CORRESPONDING) REALITY.

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                        THERE IS ANOTHER CLASS OF VRITTIS CALLED VIKALPA. A WORD IS UTTERED, AND WE DO NOT WAIT TO CONSIDER ITS MEANING, WE JUMP TO A CONCLUSION IMMEDIATELY. IT IS THE SIGN OF WEAKNESS OF THE CHITTA. NOW YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE THEORY OF RESTRAINT. THE WEAKER THE MAN THE LESS HE HAS OF RESTRAINT. CONSIDER YOURSELVES ALWAYS IN THAT WAY. WHEN YOU ARE GOING TO BE ANGRY OR MISERABLE, REASON IT OUT, HOW IT IS THAT SOME NEWS THAT HAS COME TO YOU IS THROWING YOUR MIND INTO VRTTIS.

THE YOGA (MIND STUFF)

 

                    SAMADHI PADA CONCENTRATION

                                      AND ITS USES

   

                             ATHA YOGANUSHANAM

                              NOW CONCENTRATION IS EXPLAINED.

                        YOGASHCHITTAVRITTINIRODHAH

                      YOGA IS RESTRAINING THE MIND-STUFF (CHITTA) FROM TAKING VARIOUS FORMS (VRITTIS)

                            A GOOD DEAL OF EXPLANATION IS NECESSARY HERE. WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND WHAT CHITTA IS, AND WHAT ARE THESE VRITTIS.I HAVE THIS EYE. EYES DO NOT SEE. TAKE AWAY THE BRAIN CENTRE WHICH IS IN THE HEAD, THE EYES WILL STILL BE THERE, THE RETINAE COMPLETE, AND ALSO THE PICTURE, AND YET THE EYES WILL NOT SEE. SO THE EYES ARE ONLY A SECONDARY INSTRUMENT, NOT THE ORGAN OF VISION. THE ORGAN OF VISION IS IN THE NERVE CENTRE OF THE BRAIN. THE TWO EYES WILL NOT BE SUFFICIENT ALONE. SOMETIMES A MAN IS ASLEEP WITH HIS OPEN EYES. THE LIGHT IS THERE AND THE PICTURE IS THERE, BUT A THIRD THING IS NECESSARY, MIND MUST BE JOINED TO THE ORGAN. THE EYE IS THE EXTERNAL INSTRUMENT, WE NEED ALSO THE BRAIN CENTRE AND THE AGENCY OF THE MIND. CARRIAGES ROLL DOWN A STREE AND YOU DO NOT HEAR THEM. WHY? BECAUSE YOUR MIND HAS NOT ATTACHED ITSELF TO THE ORGAN OF HEARING. 

                              FIRST THERE IS THE INSTRUMENT, THEN THERE IS THE ORGAN, AND THIRD, THE MIND ATTACHMENT TO THESE TWO. THE MIND TAKES THE IMPRESSION FARTHER IN, AND PRESENT IT TO THE DETERMINATIVE FACULTY - BUDDHI - WHICH REACTS. ALONG WITH THIS REACTION FLASHES THE IDEA OF EGOISM. THEN THIS MIXTURE OF ACTION AND REACTION IS PRESENTED TO THE PURUSA, THE REAL SOUL, WHO PERCEIVES AN OBJECT IN THIS MIXTURE. THE ORGAN (INDRIYAS), TOGETHER WITH THE MIND (MANAS), THE DETERMINATIVE FACULTY (BUDDHI) AND EGOISM (AHAMKARA), FORM THE GROUP CALLED THE ANTAHKARANA (THE INTERNAL INSTRUMENT), CALLED CHITTA.

                         THE WAVES OF THOUGHT IN THE CHITTA ARE CALLED VRITTI "THE WHIRLPOOL" IS THE LITERAL TRANSLATION) WHAT IS THOUGHT? THOUGHT IS FORCE, AS IS GRAVITATION OR REPULSION. IT IS ABSORBED FROM THE INFINITE CALLED CHITTA TAKES HOLD OF THAT FORCES, AND, WHEN IT PASSES OUT AT THE OTHER END IT IS CALLED THOUGHT. THIS FORCE IS SUPPLIED TO US THROUGH FOOD, AND OUT OF THAT FOOD THE BODY OBTAINS THE POWER OF MOTION, ETC. OTHERS, THE FINER FORCES, IT THROWS OUT IN WHAT WE CALL THOUGHT. 

                     NATURALLY WE SEE THAT THE MIND IS NOT INTELLIGENT, YET IT APPEARS TO BE INTELLIGENT. WHY? BECAUSE THE INTELLIGENT SOUL IS BEHIND IT. YOU ARE THE ONLY SENTIENT BEING, MIND IS ONLY THE INSTRUMENT THROUGH WHICH YOU CATCH THE EXTERNAL WORLD. IT IS THE SUGGESTION THAT GIVES A BLOW TO THE MIND, AND THE MIND GIVES OUT THE REACTION. IF A STONE IS THROWN INTO THE WATER THE WATER IS THROWN AGAINST IT IN THE FORM OF WAVES. THE REAL UNIVERSE IS THE OCCASION OF THE REACTION OF THE MIND. A BOOK FORM, OR AN ELEPHANT FORM, OR A MAN FORM, IS NOT OUTSIDE, ALL THAT WE KNOW IS OUR MENTAL REACTION FROM THE OUTER SUGGESTION. MATTER IS THE "PERMANENT POSSIBILITY OF SENSATION" , SAID JOHN STUART MILL. IT IS ONLY THE SUGGESTION THAT IS OUTSIDE . TAKE OYSTER FOR EXAMPLE. YOU KNOW HOW PEARLS ARE MADE. A GRAIN OF SAND OR SOMETHING GETS INSIDE AND BEGINS TO IRRITATE IT, AND THE OYSTER THROWS A SORT OF ENAMELING AROUND THE SAND, AND THIS MAKES THE PEARL.

                         THIS WHOLE UNIVERSE IS OUR OWN ENAMEL, SO TO SAY, AND THE REAL UNIVERSE IS THE GRAIN OF SAND.THE ORDINARY MAN WILL NEVER UNDERSTAND IT, BECAUSE, WHEN HE TRIES TO, HE THROWS OUT AN ENAMEL, AND SEES ONLY HIS OWN ENAMEL. NOW WE UNDERSTAND WHAT IS MEANT BY THESE VRITTIS. THE REAL MAN IS BEHIND THE MIND, AND THE MIND IS THE INSTRUMENT IN HIS HANDS, AND IT IS HIS INTELLIGENCE THAT IS PERCOLATING THROUGH IT. IT IS ONLY WHEN YOU STAND BEHIND IT THAT IT BECOMES INTELLIGENT. WHEN MAN GIVES IT UP IT FALLS TO PEACES, AND IS NOTHING. SO YOU UNDERTAND WHAT IS MEANT BY CHITTA. IT IS MIND-STUFF, AND VRTTIS ARE THE WAVES AND RIPPLES RISING IN IT WHEN EXTERNAL CAUSES IMPINGE ON IT. THESE VRTTIS ARE OUR WHOLE UNIVERSE.

THE KARMA YOGAM

 

                WHAT IS THE MEANING OF FREEDOM 

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                             👀 (KARMA YOGAM) 👀

                             ❤   FREEDOM  ❤

                        IN ADDITION TO MEANING WORK, WE HAVE STATED THAT PSYCHOLOGICALLY THE WORD KARMA ALSO IMPLIES CAUSATION. ANY WORK, AN ACTION, ANY THOUGHT THAT PRODUCES AN EFFECT IS CALLED A KARMA. THUS THE LAW OF KARMA MEANS THE LAW OF CAUSATION, OF INEVITABLE CAUSE AND SEQUENCE. WHERESOEVER THERE IS A CAUSE, THERE AN EFFECT MUST BE PRODUCED, THIS NECESSITY CANNOT BE RESISTED, AND THIS LAW OF KARMA, ACCORDING TO OUR PHILOSOPHY, IS TRUE THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE UNIVERSE. WHATEVER WE SEE, OR FEEL, OR DO, WHATEVER ACTION THERE IS ANYWHERE IN THE UNIVERSE, WHILE BEING THE EFFECT OF PAST WORK ON THE ONE HAND, BECOMES, ON THE OTHER, A CAUSE IN ITS TURN, AD PRODUCES ITS OWN EFFECT. IT IS NECESSARY, TOGETHER WITH THIS, TO CONSIDER WHAT IS MEANT BY THE WORD "LAW". BY LAW IS MEANT THE TENDENCY OF SERIES TO REPEAT ITSELF.

                         WHEN WE SEE ONE EVEN FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER, OR SOMETIMES HAPPENING SIMULTANEAOUSLY TO RECUR. OUR OLD LOGICIANS AND PHILOSOPHERS OF THE NYAYA SCHOOL CALL THIS LAW BY THE NAME OF VYAPATI. ACCORDING TO THEM, ALL OUR IDEAS OF LAW ARE DUE TO ASSOCIATION. A SERIES OF PHENOMENA BECOMES ASSOCIATED WITH THINGS IN OUR MIND IN A SORT OF INVARIABLE ORDER, SO THAT WHATEVER WE PERCEIVE AT ANY TIME IS IMMEDIATELY REFERRED TO OTHER FACTS IN THE MIND. ANY ONE IDEA, OR ACCORDING TO OUR PSYCHOLOGY, ANY ONE WAVE THAT IS PRODUCED IN THE MIND-STUFF, CHITTA, MUST ALWAYS GIVE RISE TO MANY SIMILAR WAVES. THIS IS THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IDEA OF ASSOCIATION, AND CAUSATION IS ONLY AN ASPECT OF THIS GRAND PERVASIVE PRINCIPLE OF ASSOCIATION.

                         THIS PERVASIVENESS OF ASSOCIATION IS WHAT IS, IN SANSKRIT, CALLED VYAPATI. IN THE EXTERNAL WORLD THE IDEA OF LAW IS THE SAME AS IN THE INTERNAL - THE EXPECTATION THAT A PARTICULAR PHENOMENON WILL BE FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER, AND THAT THE SERIES WILL REPEAT ITSELF. REALLY SPEAKING, THEREFORE, LAW DOES NOT EXIST IN NATURE. PRACTICALLY IT IS AN ERROR TO SAY THAT GRAVITATION EXISTS IN THE EARTH, OR THAT THERE IS ANY LAW EXISTING OBJECTIVELY ANYWHERE IN NATURE. LAW IS THE METHOD, THE MANNER IN WHICH OUR MIND GRAPS A SERIES OF PHENOMENA, IT IS IN THE MIND. CERTAIN PHENOMENA, HAPPENING ONE AFTER ANOTHER OR TOGETHER, AND FOLLOWED BY THE CONVICTION OF THE REGULARITY OF THEIR RECURRENCE -THUS ENABLING OUR MINDS TO GRASP THE METHOD OF THE WHOLE SERIES - CONSTITUTE WHAT WE CALL LAW.

                            WHAT IS KARMA-YOGA? THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE SECRET OF WORK. WE SEE THAT THE WHOLE UNIVERSE IS WORKING. FOR WHAT? FOR SALVATION, FOR LIBERTY, FROM THE ATOM TO THE HIGHEST BEING, WORKING FOR THE ONE END, LIBERTY FOR THE MIND, FOR THE BODY, FOR THE SPIRIT. ALL THINGS ARE ALWAYS TRYING TO GET FREEDOM, FLYING AWAY FROM BONDAGE. THE SUN, THE MOON, THE EARTH, THE PLANETS, ALL ARE TRYING TO FLY AWAY FROM BONDAGE. THE CENTRIFUGAL AND THE CENTRIPETAL FORCES OF NATURE ARE INDEED TYPICAL OF OUR UNIVERSE. INSTEAD OF BEING KNOCKED ABOUT IN THIS UNIVERSE, AND AFTER LONG DELAY AND THRASHING, GETTING TO KNOW THINGS AS THEY ARE, WE LEARN FROM KARMA-YOGA THE SECRET OF WORK, THE METHOD OF WORK, THE ORGANISING POWER OF WORK. A VAST MASS OF ENERGY MAY BE SPENT IN VAIN IF WE DO NOT KNOW HOE TO UTILISE IT.

                          KARMA-YOGA MAKES A SCIENCE OF WORK, YOU LEARN BY IT HOW BEST TO UTILISE ALL THE WORKINGS OF THIS WORLD. WORK IS INEVITABLE, IT MUST BE SO, BUT WE SHOULD WORK TO THE HIGHEST PURPOSE.  KARMA-YOGA MAKES US ADMIT THAT THIS WORLD IS A WORLD OF FIVE MINUTES,THAT IT IS A SOMETHING WE HAVE TO PASS THROUGH, AND THAT FREEDOM IS NOT HERE, BUT IS ONLY TO BE FOUND BEYOND. TO FIND THE WAY OUT OF THE BONDAGES OF THE WORLD WE HAVE TO GO THROUGH IT SLOWLY AN SURELY. THERE MAY BE THOSE EXCEPTIONAL PERSONS ABOUT WHOM I JUST SPOKE, THOSE WHO CAN STAND ASIDE AND GIVE UP THE WORLD, AS A SNAKE CASTS OFF ITS SKIN AND STANDS ASIDE AND LOOKS AT IT. THERE ARE NO DOUBT THESE EXCEPTIONAL BEINGS, BU THE REST OF MANKIND HAVE TO GO SLOWLY THROUGH THE WORLD OF WORK. KARMA-YOGA SHOWS THE PROCESS, THE SECRET, AND THE METHOD OF DOING IT TO THE BEST ADVANTAGE.

                          SO KARMA-YOGA SAYS, FIRST DESTROY THE TENDENCY TO PROJECT THIS TENTACLE OF SELFISHNESS, AND WHEN YOU HAVE THE POWER OF CHECKING IT, HOLD IT IN AND DO NOT ALLOW THE MIND TO GET INTO THE WAYS OF SELFISHNESS. THEN Y UMAY GO OUT INTO THE WORLD AND WORK AS MUCH AS YOU CAN. MIX EVERYWHERE, GO WHERE YOU PLEASE, YOU WILL NEVER BE CONTAMINATED WITH EVIL. THERE IS THE LOTUS LEAF IN THE WATER, THE WATER CANNOT TOUCH AND ADHERE TO IT, SO WILL YOU BE IN THE WORLD. THIS IS CALLED "VAIRAGYA" DISPASSION OR NON-ATTACHMENT. I BELIEVE I HAVE TOLD YOU THAT WITHOUT NON-ATTACHMENT THERE CANNOT BY ANY KIND OF YOGA. NON-ATTACHMENT IS THE BASIS OF ALL THE YOGAS. TE MAN WHO GIVES UP LIVING IN HOUSES, WEARING FINE CLOTHES, AND EATING GOOD FOOD, AND GOES INTO THE DESERT, MAY BE A MOST ATTACHED PERSON. HIS ONLY POSSESSION, HIS OWN BODY, MAY BECOME EVERYTHING TO HIM, AND AS HE LIVES HE WILL BE SIMPLY STRUGGLING FOR THE SAKE OF HIS BODY. NON-ATTACHMENT DOES NOT MEAN ANYTHING THAT WE MAY DO IN RELATION TO OUR EXTERNAL BODY, IT IS ALL IN THE MIND. THE BINDING LINK OF "I" AND "MINE". IF WE HAVE NOT THIS LINK WITH THE BODY AND WITH THE THINGS OF THE SENSES, WE ARE NON-ATTACHED, WHEREVER AND WHATEVER WE MAY BE. A MAN MAY BE ON A THRONE AND PERFECTLY NON-ATTACHED, ANOTHER MAN MAY BE IN RAGS AND STILL VERY MUCH ATTACHED. 

                 FIRST, WE HAVE TO ATTAIN THIS STATE OF NON-ATTACHMENT AND THEN TO WORK INCESSANTLY. KARMA-YOGA GIVES US THE METHOD THAT WILL HELP US IN GIVING UP ALL ATTACHMENT, THOUGH IT IS INDEED VERY HARD.

PHILOSOPHY, MYTHOLOGY AND RITUAL

 

                       

                     THE THREE PARTS OF RELIGION

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           PHILOSOPHY, MYTHOLOGY AND RITUAL

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                     BEFORE CONSIDERING FURTHER DEVOTION TO DUTY HELPS US IN OUR SPIRITUAL PROGRESS, LET ME PLACE BEFORE YOU IN A BRIEF COMPASS ANOTHER ASPECT OF WHAT WE IN INDIA MEAN BY KARMA. IN EVERY RELIGION THERE ARE THREE PARTS. PHILOSOPHY, MYTHOLOGY, AND RITUAL. PHILOSOPHY OF COURSE IS THE ESSENCE OF EVERY RELIGION, MYTHOLOGY EXPLAINS AND ILLUSTRATES IT BY MEANS OF THE MORE OR LESS LEGENDARY LIVES OF GREAT MEN, STORIES AND FABLES OF WONDERFUL THINGS, AND SO ON, RITUAL GIVES TO THAT PHILOSOPHY A STILL MORE CONCRETE FORM, SO THAT EVERY ONE MAY GRASP IT - RITUAL IS IN FACT CONCRETISED PHILOSOPHY . THIS RITUAL IS KARMA.

                        THERE ARE MANY  OTHER ASPECTS OF THIS SCIENCE OF WORK. ONE AMONG THEM IS TO KNOW THE RELATION BETWEEN THOUGHT AND WORD AND WHAT CAN BE ACHIEVED BY THE POWER OF THE WORD. IN EVERY RELIGION THE POWER OF THE WORD IS RECOGNISED, SO MUCH SO THAT IN SOME OFTHEM CREATION ITSELF IS SAID TO HAVE COME OUT OF THE WORD. THE EXTERNAL ASPECT OF THE THOUGHT OF GOD IS THE WORD, AND AS GOD THOUGHT AND WILLED BEFORE HE CREATED, CREATION CAME OUT OF THE WORD. IN THIS STRESS AND HURRY O OUR MATERIALISTIC LIFE, OUR NERVES LOSE SENSIBILITY AND BECOME HARDENED. THE OLDER WE GROW, THE LONGER WE ARE KNOCKED ABOUT IN THE WORLD, THE MORE CALLOUS WE BECOME, AND WE ARE APT TO NEGLECT THINGS THAT EVEN HAPPEN PERSISTENTLY AND PROMINENTLY AROUND US.

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                        HUMAN NATURE, HOWEVER, ASSERTS ITSELF SOMETIMES, AND WE ARE LED TO INQUIRE INTO AND WONDER AT SOME OF THESE COMMON OCCURENCES, WONDERINGS THUS IS THE FIRST STEP IN THE ACQUISITION OF LIGHT. APART FROM THE HIGHER PHILOSOPHIC AND RELIGIOUS VALUE OF THE WORD, WE MAY SEE THAT SOUND SYMBOLS PLAY A PROMINENT PART IN THE DRAMA OF HUMAN LIFE. I AM TALKING TO YOU. IAM NOT TOUCHING YOU, THE PULSATIONS OF THE AIR CAUSED BY MY SPEAKING GO INTO YOUR EAR, THEY TOUCH YOUR NERVES AND PRODUCE EFFECTS IN YOUR MINDS. YOU CANNOT RESIST THIS. WHAT CAN BE MORE WONDERFUL THAN THIS? ONE MAN CALLS ANOTHER A FOOL, AND AT THIS THE OTHER STANDS UP AND CLENCHES HIS FIST AND LANDS A BLOW ON HIS NOSE. LOOK AT THE POWER OF THE WORLD! THERE IS A WOMAN WEEPING AND MISERABLE, ANOTHER WOMAN COMES ALONG AND SPEAKS TO HER A FEW GENTLE WORDS, THE DOUBLED UP FRAME OF THE WEEPING WOMAN BECOMES STRAIGHTENED AT ONCE, H SORROW IS GONE AND SHE ALREADY BEGINS TO SMILE.  THINK OF THE POWER OF WORDS! THEY ARE A GREAT FORCE IN HIGHER PHILOSOPHY AS WELL AS IN COMMON LIFE. DAY AND NIGHT WE MANIPULATE THIS FORCES WITHOUT THOUGHT AND WITHOUT INQUIRY. TO KNOW THE NATURE OF THIS FORCE AND TO USE IT WELL IS ALSO A PART OF KARMA-YOGA.

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                       JUST AS EVERY ACTION THAT EMANATES FROM US COMES BACK TO US AS REACTION, EVEN SO OUR ACTIONS MAY ACT ON OTHER PEOPLE AND THEIR ON US. PERHAPS ALL OF YOU HAVE OBSERVED IT AS A FACT THAT WHEN PERSONS DO EVIL ACTIONS , THEY BECOME MORE AND MORE EVIL. AND WHEN THEY BEGIN TO DO GOOD, THEY BECOME STRONGER AND STRONGER AND LEARN TO DO GOOD AT ALL TIMES. THIS INTENSIFICATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ACTION CANNOT BE EXPLAINED ON ANY OTHER GROUND THAN THAT WE CAN ACT AND REACT UPON EACH OTHER. TO TAKE AN ILLUSTRATION FROM PHYSICAL SCIENCE, WHEN I AM DOING A CERTAIN ACTION, MY MIND MAY BE SAID TO BE IN A CERTAIN STATE OF VIBRATION, ALL MINDS WHICH ARE IN SIMILAR CIRCUMSTANCES WILL HAVE THE TENDENCY TO BE AFFECTED BY MY MIND. IF THERE ARE DIFFERENT MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS TUNED ALIKE IN ONE ROOM, ALL OF YOU MAY HAVE NOTICED THAT WHEN ON IS STRUCK, THE OTHERS HAVE THE TENDENCY TO VIBRATE SO AS TO GIVE THE SAME NOTE. SO ALL MINDS THAT HAVE THE SAME TENSION, SO TO SAY, WIL BE EQUALLY AFFECTED BY THE SAME THOUGHT. OF COURSE, THIS INFLUENCE OF THOUGHT ON MIND WILL VARY ACCORDING TO DISTANCE AND OTHER CAUSES, BUT THE MIND IS ALWAYS OPEN TO AFFECTION.

                            SUPPOSE I AM DOING AN EVIL ACT, MY MIND IS IN A CERTAIN STATE OF VIBRATION, AND ALL MINDS IN THE UNIVERSE, WHICH ARE IN A SIMILAR STATE, HAVE THE POSSIBILITY OF BEING AFFECTED BY MY MIND, AND THIS POWER OF MIND UPON MIND IS MORE OR LESS ACCORDING AS THE FORCE OF THE TENSION IS GREATER OR LESS.

THE SECRET OF SUCCESS IN YOUR WORK!

 

                                    HOW TO BECOME

                       SUCCESSFUL IN YOUR WORK?

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                                       WHAT IS DUTY?

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                              IT IS NECESSARY IN THE STUDY OF KARMA-YOGA TO KNOW WHAT DUTY IS. IF I HAVE TO DO SOMETHING I MUST FIRST KNOW THAT IT IS MY DUTY, AND THEN I CAN DO IT. THE IDEA OF  DUTY AGAIN IS DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT NATIONS. THE MOHAMMEDAN SAYS WHAT IS WRITTEN IN HIS BOOK, THE KORAN, IS HIS DUTY, THE HINDU SAYS WHAT IS IN THE VEDAS IS HIS DUTY, AND THE CHRISTIAN SAYS WHAT IS IN THE BIBLE IS HIS DUTY. WE FIN THAT THERE ARE VARIED IDEAS OF DUTY, DIFFERING ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT STATES IN LIFE , DIFFERENT HISTORICAL PERIODS AND DIFFERENT NATIONS. THE TERM "DUTY" , LIKE EVERY OTHER UNIVERSAL ABSTRACT TERM, IS IMPOSSIBLE CLEARLY TO DEFINE, WE CAN ONLY GET AN IDEA OF IT BY KNOWING ITS PRACTICAL OPERATIONS AND RESUTLS. WHEN CERTAIN THINGS OCCUR BEFORE US, WE HAVE ALL A NATURAL OR TRAINED TO ACT IN A CERTAIN MANNER TOWARDS THEM, WHEN THIS IMPULSE COMES, THE MIND BEGINS TO THINK ABOUT THE SITUATION.

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                        SOMETIMES IT THINKS THAT IT IS GOOD TO ACT IN A PARTICULAR MANNER UNDER THE GIVEN CONDITIONS, AT OTHER TIMES IT THINKS THAT IT IS WRONG TO ACT IN THE SAME MANNER EVEN IN THE VERY SAME CIRCUMSTANCES. THE ORDINARY IDEA OF DUTY EVERYWHERE IS THAT EVERY GOOD MAN FOLLOWS THE DICTATES OF HIS CONSCIENCE. BUT WHAT IS IT THAT MAKES AN ACT A DUTY? IF A CHRISTIAN FINDS A PIECE OF BEEF BEFORE HIM AND DOES NOT EAT IT TO SAVE HIS OWN LIFE, OR WILL NOT GIVE IT TO SAVE THE LIFE OF ANOTHER MAN, HE IS SURE TO FEEL THAT HE HAS NOT DONE HIS DUTY. BUT IF A HINDU DARES TO EAT THAT PIECES OF BEEF OR TO GIVE IT TO ANOTHER HINDU, HE IS EQUALLY SURE TO FEEL THAT HE TOO HAS NOT DONE HIS DUTY, THE HINDU'S TRAINING AND EDUCATION MAKE HIM FEEL THAT WAY. 

                    IN THE LAST CENTURY THERE WERE NOTORIOUS BANDS OF ROBBERS IN INDIA CALLED THUGS, THEY THOUGHT IT THEIR DUTY TO KILL ANY MAN THEY COULD AND TAKE AWAY HIS MONEY, THE LARGER THE NUMBER OF MEN THEY KILLED, THE BETTER THEY THOUGHT THERE WERE. ORDINARILY IF A MAN GOES OUT INTO THE STREET AND SHOOTS DOWN ANOTHER MAN, HE IS APT TO FEEL SORRY FOR IT, THINKING THAT HE HAS DONE WRONG. 

                          BUT IF THE VERY SAME MAN, AS A SOLDIER IN HIS REGIMENT, KILLS NOT ONE BUT TWENTY, HE IS CERTAIN TO FEEL GLAD AND THINK THAT HE HAS HIS DUTY REMARKABLY WELL. THEREFORE WE SEE THAT IT IS NOT THE THING DONE THAT DEFINES A DUTY. TO GIVE AN ONJECTIVE DEFINITION OF DUTY IS THUS ENTIRELY IMPOSSIBLE. YET THERE IS DUTY FROM THE SUBJECTIVE SIDE. 

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                   ANY ACTION THAT MAKES US TO GODWARD IS A GOOD ACTION, AND IS OUR DUTY, ANY ACTION THAT MAKES US GO DOWNWARD IS EVIL, AND ACTION THAT MAKES US GO DOWNWARD IS EVIL, AND IS NOT OUR DUTY. FROM THE SUBJECTIVE STANDPOINT WE MAY SEE THAT CERTAIN OTHER ACTS HAVE A TENDENCY TO DEGRADE AND TO BRUTALISE US.  BUT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO MAKE OUT WITH CERTAINLY WHICH ACTS HAVE WHICH KIND OF TENDENCY IN RELATION TO ALL PERSONS, OF ALL SORTS AND CONDITIONS. THERE IS, HOWEVER, ONLY ONE IDEA OF DUTY WHICH HAS BEEN UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED BY ALL MANKIND, OF ALL AGES AND SECTS AND COUNTRIES, AND THAT HAS BEEN SUMMED UP IN A SANSKRIT APHORISM THUS. "DO NOT INJUIRE ANY BEING, NOT INJURING ANY BEING IS VIRTUE, INJURING ANY BEING IS SIN".

                      THERE ISA SAGE IN INDIA, A GREAT YOGI, ONE OF THE MOST WONDERFUL MEN I HAVE EVER SEEN IN MY LIFE. HE IS A PECULIAR MAN, HE WILL NOT TEACH ANY ONE, IF YOU ASK HIM A QUESTION HE WILL NOT ANSWER. IT IS TOO MUCH FOR HIM TO TAKE UP THE POSITION OF A TEACHER, HE WILL NOT DO IT. IF YOU ASK A QUESTION, AND WAIT FOR SOME DAYS, IN THE COURSE OF CONVERSATION HE WILL BRING UP THE SUBJECT, AND WONDERFUL LIGHT WILL HE THROW ON IT. HE TOLD ME ONCE THE SECRET OF WORK", LET THE END AND THE MEANS BE JOINED INTO ONE".

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                        WHEN YOU ARE DOING ANY WORK, DO NOT THINK OF ANYTHING BEYOND. DO IT AS WORSHIP, AS THE HIGHEST WORSHIP, AND DEVOTE YOUR WHOLE LIFE TO IT FOR THE TIME BEING. THUS, IN THE STORY, THE VYADHA LIFE TO IT FOR THE TIME BEING. THUS, IN THE STORY, THE VYADHA AND THE WOMAN DID THEIR DUTY WITH CHEERFULNESS AND WHOLE-HEARTNESS, AND THE RESULT WAS THAT THEY BECAME ULLUMINATED, CLEARLY SHOWING THAT THE RIGHT PERFORMANCE OF THE DUTIES OF ANY STATION IN LIFE, WITHOUT ATTACHMENT TO RESULTS, LEADS US TO THE HIGHEST REALISATION OF THE PERFECTION OF THE SOUL.

                     IT IS THE WORKER WHO IS ATTACHED TO RESULTS THAT GRUMBLES ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE DUTY WHICH HAS FALLEN TO HIS LOT, TO THE UNATTACHED WORKER ALL DUTIES ARE EQUALLY GOOD, AND FORM EFFICIENT INSTRUMENTS WITH WHICH SELFISHNESS AND SENSUALITY MAY BE KILLED, AND THE FREEDOM OF THE SOUL SECURED. WE ARE ALL APT TO THINK TOO HIGHLY OR OURSELVES. OUR DUTIES ARE DETERMINED BY OUR DESERTS TO A MUCH LARGER EXTENT THAN WE ARE WILLING TO GRANT. 

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                      COMPETITION ROUSES ENVY, AND IT KILLS AND KINDLINESS OF TEH HEART. TO THE GRUMBLER ALL DUTIES ARE DISTASTEFUL, NOTHING WILL EVER SATISFY HIM, AND HIS WHOLE LIFE IS DOOMED TO PROVE A FAILURE. LET US WORK ON, DOING AS WE GO WHATEVER HAPPENS TO BE OUR DUTY, AND BEING EVER READY TO PUT OUR SHOULDERS TO THE WHEEL. THEN SURELY SHALL WE SEE THE LIGHT!