KARMA YOGA
KARMA IS A SANSKRIT WORD MEANING ACTION OR TO WORK. EATING, SLEEPING, WALKING, THINKING AND READING ARE ACTIONS. BAL GANGADHAR TILAK IN GITA RAHASYA SAYS, "NO MAN IS FREE FROM ACTION AND THAT ACTION SHOULD NEVER BE GIVEN UP". EVERY ACTION IS SPIRITUAL, IF IT IS DONE WITHOUT ANY SELFISHNESS IN DOING A TASK THEN IT IS ONLY "ACTION" AND NOT "KARMA YOGA".
UNSELFISH ACTIONS CLEAN THE MIND. ACCORDING TO PARAMAHAMSA HARIHARANANDA, "KARMA YOGA MEANS THE PRACTICE OF DETACHMENT IN ALL ACTIONS. UNSELFISHNESS PRODUCES DETACHMENT AND INDIFFERENCE TO THE RESULT OF ACTIONS". WHEN ONE DOES ALL THE KARMAS ASSIGNED TO ONESELF WITHOUT ANYTHING IN RETURN LIKE NAME, FAME, SATISFACTION OR MONETARY GAINS THEN ONE BECOMES KARMA YOGI. A KARMA YOGI DOES ONE'S DUTY PROPERLY, ACCEPTS DESTINY AND DOES SELFLESS SOCIAL SERVICE IGNORING PERSONAL DESIRES. DOING ONE'S ALL DUTIES WHILE REMAINING IN THIS MATERIALITIC WORLD AND WITHOUT ANY EXPECTATIONS, LEADS TO LIBERATION THROUGH KARMA YOGA. ONE CAN PRACTISE KARMA YOGA WITHOUT TAKING SANNYAS (LEAVING HOUSE TO LIVE A LIFE OF HERMIT).
KARMA YOGA CAN BE PRACTISED BY DETACHING ONESELF WITH THE FRUITS OF ACTIONS. IF THE RESULT IS NOT UPTO ONE'S EXPECTATION THEN ONE SHOULD NOT GET ANGRY, IRRITATED OR UNHAPPY. ONE SHOULD ACT ACCORDING TO ONE'S DUTY WITHOUT CONSIDERING ONE'S SELFISH DESIRES OR LIKE AND DISLIKES. WHATEVER MAY BE THE RESULT OF ONE'S ACTION IRRESPECTIVE OF THAT, ONE SHOULD KEEP DOING ONE'S SINCERELY.
KARMA IS OF THREE TYPES :
1. SANCHIT - THERE ARE THE ACCUMULATED KARMAS OF THE PAST ACTIONS.
2. PRARABDHA - THEY ARE THE PART OF SANCHIT KARMA. THESE ACTIONS WERE DONE IN THE PAST AND NOW THEY HAVE STARTED GIVING THEIR FRUITS. THESE ARE FRUCTIFYING KARMAS. THEY ARE EXHAUSTED ONLY BY EXPERIENCING THEM.
3. AGAMI/KRIYAMANA/ VARTAMANA - THESE ARE CURRENT ACTIONS WHICH WILL GIVE RESULTS IN FUTURE.
ONE'S SANCHIT AND PRARBDHA KARMA DECIDES WHAT ONE DESERVES AND ONE'S AGAMI KARMA DECIDE WHAT ONE WILL BE. WHATEVER ONE IS TODAY IS THE RESULT OF THE PAST KARMA. AND ONE'S FUTURE WILL DEPEND UPON KARMAS ONE DOES TODAY. ONE'S ACTIONS AND THOUGHTS DECIDE ONE'S DESTINY.
JNANA YOGA
JNANA YOGA MEANS LIBERATION THROUGH KNOWLEDGE. JNANA IN SANSRIT MEANS KNOWLEDGE. KNOWLEDGE IS TRUTH. AND TRUTH IS THAT GOD IS EVERYWHERE AND IN EVERYTHING . HE IS IN ALL BEINGS ARE IN HIM. THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SELF AND GOD.
ACCORDING TO SWAM SIVANANDA . "SELF-REALIZATION OR DIRECT INTUITIVE PERCEPTION OF THE SUPREME SELF IS NECESSARY FOR ATTAINING FREEDOM AND PERFECTION. THIS JNANA YOGA OR THE PATH OF WISDOM IS, HOWEVER, NOT MEAN FOR THE MASSESS WHOSE HEARTS ARE NOT PURE ENOUGH AND WHOSE INTELLECTS ARE NOT SHARP ENOUGH TO UNDERSTAND AND PRACTISE THIS RAZOR-EDGE PATH. HENCE, KARMA YOGA AND BHAKTI YOGA ARE TO BE PRACTISED FIRST, WHICH WILL RENDER THE HEART PURE AND MAKE IT FIT FOR THE RECEPTION OF KNOWLEDGE JNANA YOGI IS THE PATH OF SELF-ANALYSIS, REFLECTION AND ENQUIRY".
ADI SHANKRACHARYA AND RAMANUJA WERE JNANA YOGIS. SHANKRACHARYA I ATMABODHA SAID,
"SRAVANAADIBHI UDDEPTA
JNAANAAGNI PARITAPITAH
JEEVA SARVAMALAT MUKTAH
SWARNAVAT DYOTATE SWAYAM".
(THE INDIVIDUAL IS PURIFIED BY HEATING IN THE FIRE OF KNOWLEDGE KINDLED BY HEARING REASONING AND DEEP MEDITATION ON WHAT HAS BEEN HEARD AND REASONED OUT. THEN THE INDIVIDUAL SHINES OF ITSELF LIKE PURE GOLD WHICH IS OBTAINED AFTER PURIFYIN THE GOLD ORE BY MELTING. ONE HEATS GOLD ORE IN A CRUCIBLE TO PURIFY IT, SIMILARLY, ONE HAS TO USE THE FIRE OF KNOWLEDGE TO PURIFY THE MIND. KNOWLEDGE CAN BE ACHIEVED BY SRAVANA (HEARING) MANANA (REASONING OF TRUTH) AND NIDHI DHYASAMA (DEEP CONTEMPLATON) THE MIND WILL BE FREE FROM IMPURE THOUGHTS, AND THE FEELING OF INDIVIDUAL GETS AUTOMATICALLY DESTROYED. THEN ONLY THE SELF ILLUMINATING SOUL EXISTS).